CRYPTOLEPIS

ANTIMICROBIAL

ANTIBACTERIAL

ANTIFUNGAL

ANTIPARASITIC

ANTIMALARIAL

ANTIVIRAL

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

IMMUNE-SUPPORTIVE

ANTIOXIDANT

GASTROPROTECTIVE

HEPATOPROTECTIVE

ANTIPYRETIC

ANALGESIC

ANTIDIARRHEAL

CYTOTOXIC

ANTICANCER

ANTIPLASMODIAL

ANTISPASMODIC

ANTISEPTIC

Cancer

Ansah, C., & Mensah, K. B. (2013). A review of the anticancer potential of the antimalarial herbal Cryptolepis sanguinolenta and its major alkaloid cryptolepine. Ghana Medical Journal, 47(3), 137–143.

Ma, Y., Tian, Y., Zhou, Z., Chen, S., Du, K., Zhang, H., Jiang, X., Lu, J., Niu, Y., Tu, L., Wang, J., Liu, H., Zhu, H., Chen, P., & Liu, Y. (2022). Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of neocryptolepine derivatives as potential anti-gastric cancer agents. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(19), 11924. Full Article

Diabeties

Ajayi, A. F., Akhigbe, R. E., Adewumi, O. M., Okeleji, L. O., Mujaidu, K. B., & Olaleye, S. B. (2012). Effect of ethanolic extract of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta stem on in vivo and in vitro glucose absorption and transport: Mechanism of its antidiabetic activity. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 16(Suppl 1), S91–S95. Full Article

Bierer, D. E., Dubenko, L. G., Zhang, H. C., Lu, Q., Imbach, P. A., Garofalo, A. W., … King, S. R. (1998). Cryptolepis sanguinolenta: An ethnobotanical approach to drug discovery and the isolation of a potentially useful new antihyperglycemic agent. Diabetic Medicine, 15(5), 367–374. Full Article

Lyme Disease

Feng, J., Leone, J., Schweig, S., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Evaluation of natural and botanical medicines for activity against growing and non-growing forms of Borrelia burgdorferi. Frontiers in Medicine, 7, Article 6. Full Article

Zhang, Y., Alvarez-Manzo, H., Leone, J., Schweig, S., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Botanical medicines Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, Artemisia annua, Scutellaria baicalensis, Polygonum cuspidatum, and Alchornea cordifolia demonstrate inhibitory activity against Babesia duncani. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 11, 624745. Full Article

Shor, S. M., & Schweig, S. K. (2023). The use of natural bioactive nutraceuticals in the management of tick-borne illnesses. Microorganisms, 11(7), 1759. Full Article

Ma, X., Leone, J., Schweig, S., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Botanical medicines with activity against stationary phase Bartonella henselae. Infectious Microbes & Diseases, 3(3), e69. Full Article

Malaria

Bugyei, K. A., Boye, G. L., & Addy, M. E. (2010). Clinical efficacy of a tea-bag formulation of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta root in the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Ghana Medical Journal, 44(1), 3–9.

Ansah, C., Mfoafo, E. A., Woode, E., Opoku-Okrah, C., Owiredu, W. K. B. A., & Duwiejua, M. (2008). Toxicological evaluation of the anti-malarial herb Cryptolepis sanguinolenta in rodents. Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 3(5), 335–343.

Forkuo, A. D., Ansah, C., Mensah, K. B., Annan, K., Gyan, B., Theron, A., Mancama, D., & Wright, C. W. (2017). In vitro anti-malarial interaction and gametocytocidal activity of cryptolepine. Malaria Journal, 16, Article 496. Full Article

WAHO. (2013). Cryptolepis sanguinolenta. In West African Herbal Pharmacopoeia (pp. 68–71). West African Health Organization.

Willcox, M. (2011). Improved traditional phytomedicines in current use for the clinical treatment of malaria. Planta Medica, 77(7), 662–671. Full Article

Nortey, N. N. D., Korsah, S., Tagoe, M., Apenteng, J. A., Owusu, F. A., Oppong, J., Attah, A. E., & Allotey, S. (2023). Herbs used in antimalarial medicines: A study in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2023, Article 6697078. Full Article

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Fertility

Ajayi, A. F., & Akhigbe, R. E. (2012). Antifertility activity of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta leaf ethanolic extract in male rats. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 5(1), 43–47. Full Article

Antimicrobial

Adu-Amankwaah, F., Sam, H., Asare, C. Y., & Mills-Robertson, F. C. (2023). Antimicrobial, antioxidant activities, and total phenolic contents of Pycnanthus angolensis sap and Cryptolepis sanguinolenta root extracts. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 23, 205. Full Article

Tuyiringire, N., Mugisha, I. T., Tusubira, D., Munyampundu, J.-P., Muvunyi, C. M., & Vander Heyden, Y. (2022). In vitro antimycobacterial activity of medicinal plants Lantana camara, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, and Zanthoxylum leprieurii. Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, 27, 100307. Full Article

Hlashwayo, D. F., Barbosa, F., Langa, S., Sigaúque, B., & Bila, C. G. (2020). A systematic review of in vitro activity of medicinal plants from Sub-Saharan Africa against Campylobacter spp. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020, Article 9485364. Full Article

Mills-Robertson, F. C., Tay, S. C. K., Duker-Eshun, G., Walana, W., & Badu, K. (2012). In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic fractions of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 11(1), 16. Full Article

Antiparasitic

Batiha, G. E.-S., Beshbishy, A. M., Alkazmi, L. M., Nadwa, E. H., Rashwan, E. K., Yokoyama, N., & Igarashi, I. (2020). In vitro and in vivo growth inhibitory activities of cryptolepine hydrate against several Babesia species and Theileria equi. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(8), e0008489. Full Article

Antiinflammatory

Olajide, O. A., Bhatia, H. S., de Oliveira, A. C. P., Wright, C. W., & Fiebich, B. L. (2013). Anti-neuroinflammatory properties of synthetic cryptolepine in human neuroblastoma cells: Possible involvement of NF-κB and p38 MAPK inhibition. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 63, 333–339. Full Article

Antiviral

Borquaye, L. S., Gasu, E. N., Ampomah, G. B., Kyei, L. K., Amarh, M. A., Mensah, C. N., … Aboagye, C. I. (2020). Alkaloids from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins: An in silico study. BioMed Research International, 2020, 5324560. Full Article

Domfeh, S. A., Narkwa, P. W., Quaye, O., Kusi, K. A., Addy, B. S., Lant, S., Sumner, R. P., Maluquer de Motes, C., Awandare, G. A., Ansah, C., & Mutocheluh, M. (2022). The pharmacologically active alkaloid cryptolepine activates a type 1 interferon response that is independent of MAVS and STING pathways. Journal of Immunology Research, 2022, Article 8873536. Full Article

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Put 1 to 30 drops in 4 oz (120 mL) of water and wait one minute before drinking. Start with 1 drop (30 min before meals) increasing slowly up to 30 drops, 2-4 times a day or as directed by physician